Estado nutricional de los niños/as de 1 a 5 años con antecedente de neumonía. Hospital Moreno Vásquez en la Ciudad de Gualaceo en el 2019

Abstract

BACKGROUND The WHO defines pneumonia as an acute respiratory infection that affects the lungs, it is considered a prevalent disease in children under the 5 years of age. Among the risk factors it is found the nutritional status which is associated with the evolution and prognosis of the disease. OBJECTIVE To identify the nutritional status of children between 1 to 5 years old with previous antecedent of pneumonia in Hospital Moreno Vazquez, Gualaceo, 2019. METHODOLOGY A quantitative, cross-sectional study, with a descriptive approach was carried out on 51 children from one to five years of age, treated at the Moreno Vázquez Hospital of Gualaceo in 2019. An own form was applied to collect data of the clinical histories, those were anonymized, the tabulation and analysis was done in the SPSS 25 program, the results are presented in simple charts, with frequencies and percentages. RESULTS There is a predominance of 52.9% in the age group of older infants with a prevalence in the female sex. In the nutritional status in relation to the BMI assessment, it is found that 80.4% is attributed to a normal weight, 13.7% to low weight and 5.9% to malnutrition. Into the classification according to Gómez, it is determined that 37.7% corresponds to a normal weight, 34% mild (first degree) malnutrition, 22.6% to moderate (second degree) malnutrition and 1.9% to severe (third degree) malnutrition, attributing that more than 50% of children have a nutritional pathology. CONCLUSION It is important to assess the nutritional status of children diagnosed with pneumonia in order to identify real problems that affect the health status of the infant.