Modelo territorial extractivista minero. ¿Una visión de desarrollo o desigualdad?

Abstract

The territorial extractivist model in Ecuador and Latin American countries has generated a synthesis of material structure, environmental, social dynamics, and public policies linked to political speeches as an orthodox idea that serves as a platform to generate resources that improve the quality of life. The main objective of this study is to propose new sights and strategies on the model and the elaboration of public policies for the extraction of mineral resources. The research was based on an inductive-deductive method along with a qualitative analysis using a systemic review of several scientific studies associated with mining, it was supported by a critical discourse analysis from various stakeholders to see how these territory policies have evolved and enhanced in the mining territories. The analyzed data has shown that the extractivist model has generated more negative than positive effects on the local and national dynamics. Besides, It has bed deduced this model has not generated social-economic and environmental development related to these territories. In conclusion, it can be pointed out that public policies in these territories must be solid and rigorous for executing, controlling, and monitoring these megaprojects, in terms of socio-economic development, especially with the environmental conservation of endemic and sensitive spaces, and the recovery of degraded environments after being exploited. Finally, it is recommended that more studies should be carried out regarding the extractivist model with approaches in cultural, economic, social, political, and environmental areas looking forward to getting stronger territorial public policies.