Factores de riesgo asociados a nefropatía diabética estadíos IV y V en el Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga. Cuenca, 2018-2019

Abstract

Introduction: nephropathy represents one of the main complications of type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2), being important the determination of the associated risk factors to achieve a timely intervention.Objective: to determine the risk factors for renal function deterioration in patients with stage IV and V diabetic nephropathy at the José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital, Cuenca 2018-2019.Methodology: it is an analytical study of cases and controls in the Endocrinology and Nephrology services of the José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital with a sample of 462 patients, with 95% confidence interval, proportion of exposed cases of 23%, proportion of exposed controls of 12 % and minimum power of 80%. The information was processed by generating a database in the SPSS version 15.0 program based on the data collection form to determine the level of association, the Odds Ratio (OR) was used.Results: the average age was 66.95 ± 11.04 years, with a slight predominance of men (56.5%). The risk factors for diabetic nephropathy (DN) were: secondary hyperparathyroidism (OR=18.69; 95% CI: 11.71-29.84); hyperuricemia (OR=3.04; 95% CI: 1.9-4.85); hyperphosphatemia (OR=6.11; CI95%: 3.31-11.26); hypocalcaemia (OR=1.81; CI95%: 1.13-2.9); poor glycemic control (OR=2.01; 95% CI: 1.38-2.93); obesity (OR=2.01; CI95%: 1.34-2.99); arterial hypertension (OR=6.51; CI95%: 4.21-10.08); smoking (OR=2.34; CI95%: 1.31-4.17), all with p<0.05. Dyslipidemia, non-consumption of statins and ARM were not presented as risk factors for ND.Conclusions: the development of diabetic nephropathy (DN) was associated with secondary hyperparathyroidism, hyperuricemia, hyperphosphatemia, hypocalcemia, poor glycemic control, obesity, hypertension, and smoking