Prevalencia de neuropatía diabética en pacientes diabéticos de consulta externa del Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga Cuenca, 2009

Abstract

Objective To establish the prevalence of peripheral neuropathy and its relationship with diabetes evolution of five or more years, arterial hypertension and obesity in patient with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus older than 40 years that went to outpatient endocrinology clinic at the Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga during 2009. Materials and Method A cross-sectional study was performed in a universe of 10 392 patients, with a sample of 370 calculated at random on the base of 30% of prevalence of peripheral neuropathy, 95% confidence interval and error of inference of 5%. The patients were randomly assigned to eight patients per day and the United Kingdom Screening Test was applied. The data were obtained by means of direct interview and they were analyzed with the software Excel and SPSS 17.0. Results The prevalence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy was 47% (CI 95%: 44.4-49.6%); in male patients, 46.4% (CI 95%: 42.2-50.6%) and in female, 47.4% (CI 95% 44.1-50.7%). In those less than 46 years, 7.9%, between 46-64, 42.9% and in those more than 64 years, 62.2%. The risk of developing diabetic foot was 43.1% (CI 95% 39.3-46.9%) in patients with peripheral neuropathy. The correlation between diabetic peripheral neuropathy with diabetes evolution of five or more years provided a prevalence rate (PR) of 4.3 (CI 95% 3.0-6.1), p=0.000; with the arterial hypertension, PR 1.5 (CI 95% 1.2-1.9), p=0.000 and with obesity, PR 0.19 (CI 95% 0.9-1.4), p=0.19. Conclusions The prevalence of diabetic peripheral neuropathy was 47% and it was related positively with the diabetes evolution of five or more years and arterial hypertension. There were neither a positive nor a negative relationship with the obesity. Words key Diabetic peripheral neuropathy, prevalence, related factors, time of evolution of the diabetes, arterial hypertension, obesity