Impacto post quirúrgico de la cirugía bariátrica y comorbilidades asociadas. Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga: Cuenca-Ecuador, 2014-2018

Abstract

Introduction: obesity is a chronic disease of multifactorial etiology, its high incidence and derived complications determine its severity; bariatric surgery can be an alternative with an impact not only on weight and body mass index (BMI), but also on associated comorbidities.Objective: to determine at the José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital during the years 2014-2018 the post-surgical impact of bariatric surgery in patients with obesity and associated comorbidities such as mean blood pressure, blood glucose level, cholesterol and triglycerides.Methodology: it is a retrospective, descriptive study. The convenience sample is made up of 66 medical records that met the inclusion criteria; that is, complete virtual medical records of patients admitted to the bariatric surgery program during the years 2014 - 2018. The data was collected using a form and tabulated in the Microsoft Excel and SPSS version 20 programs. The qualitative variables are presented in absolute frequencies. and percentages, and the quantitative ones with arithmetic mean and standard deviation.Results: the 80.30% of patients were women with a mean age of 42.82±10.51 and a mean BMI of 43.66±5.13. After 6 and 12 months’ post-surgery, the BMI decreased to 32.26±3.90 – 29.73±3.93, with a loss of excess weight of 62.40±18.01% and 76.33±21.39%, respectively. Additionally, there was a reduction in: mean arterial pressure (MAP) 7.11 – 10.73mmHg, glycemia 28.21±17.29 - 47±25.73mg/dL, triglycerides 40.53 – 70.11mg/dL and cholesterol 32.17 – 47.35mg/dL respectively.Conclusion: bariatric surgery allowed weight loss, BMI and MAP figures, glycemia, cholesterol and triglycerides.