Ubicación óptima para la incorporación de electrolineras para vehículos eléctricos en la ciudad de Cuenca mediante la aplicación de técnicas multicriterio (MCDM)

Abstract

The incorporation of electric vehicles (BEV) in urban mobility is increasing every day in different cities around the world and the demand for BEV charging stations (EVCS) is also increasing. Within smart electrical networks, not only is the incorporation of distributed generation, telecommunications, among other technologies, involved, but also the integration of EVCS is an important part that influences the performance of the electrical network. Proper planning to locate EVCS evaluates criteria from different areas that are not related to each other, but are part of the overall problem. This research proposes the application of multi-criteria decision making (MCDM) methods to solve planning problems to locate EVCS. For this reason, the number of fuel supply stations that exist within the city of Cuenca has been chosen as an alternative. Also, criteria and sub-criteria have been determined based on the available information, which help to propose three scenarios based on the variation of their weightings. In the first scenario, the equal weights method is applied, in the second, the subcriteria are assessed through a survey of professionals and the AHP method is applied. While for the third the same evaluations of the surveys are used, but the AHP-FUZZY method is used. Finally, the VIKOR, TOPSIS and PROMETHEE methods are applied to rank the alternatives from the best to the worst in each scenario, to determine the location of EVCS. Three alternatives have remained in the top three places in 7 of the 9 evaluations performed. In the absence of a conclusive result, we proceeded to perform a statistical analysis that could strengthen the decision process and arrive at a favorable result.