Microorganismos causantes de infección de vías urinarias recurrentes y sus complicaciones en pacientes mujeres que acudieron al Hospital Homero Castanier Crespo, período 2018 – 2019

Abstract

Background: Urinary tract infections (UTIs) occur very frequently throughout the life of the human being and are one of the main causes of medical consultation by female patients. UTIs have been constantly studied; however, few data are available on recurrent infections, causal and predisposing agents, as well as the most frequent complications. Objective: To identify the microorganisms that cause recurrent urinary tract infection and its complications in female patients who attended the Homero Castanier Crespo hospital. Methodology: A retrospective investigation was carried out, 706 patients with a report of UTI were selected and 63 of them presented episodes of recurrence. Only those patients with a positive urine culture were taken into account to obtain more precise data. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze the information; qualitative and quantitative variables were proposed and to relate these variables, the prevalence ratio was considered with the 95% confidence intervals and the p value. Results: After the development of the investigation, the main microorganisms that cause recurrent urinary tract infections were identified as E. coli in 90.5% of the cases, followed by Enterobacter spp and Klebsiella spp; likewise, the most common complications were identified as cistitis in the 25% of the cases and pyelonephritis in 17.6%. However, the majority of patients did not report to suffer from any complication. Conclusions: Recurrent urinary tract infections are infrequent in patients at the Homero Castanier Crespo hospital in the city of Azogues, Ecuador. Mainly reinfections were reported. Most of the patients belonged to the adult population and this is associated with reproductive age. The most frequent complication was identified as cystitis.