Prevalencia de enterobacterias productoras de betalactamasa de espectro extendido (BLEE) durante el periodo 2018 - 2020 en un hospital privado de la provincia del Azuay

Abstract

The extended spectrum beta lactamase producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL) are gram negative bacilli not sporulated that are capable of producing enzymes, which degrades the beta-lactams ring. These types of bacteria have represented for many years a health issue worldwide, specially because of its resistance to many antibiotics like penicillin and cephalosporins, agents of third and fourth generation, among others. This observational quantitative study has been made with national and international background, this study has been realized in a private Hospital of the province of Azuay, during the period 2018 - 2020; the data was recollected specifically from bacteria cultures (blood culture, urine culture, coproculture, wound drainage culture, among others) of patients that corresponds on the period of time mentioned before. During the elaboration of this project the next results were obtained: of a total of 1877 enterobacteria isolated, la prevalence of ESBL was of 25,09%; Escherichia coli was the bacteria with the highest prevalence with a 76,4% followed by the Klebsiella pneumoniae with a 19,53%; the hospital area were the highest prevalence of enterobacteria ESBL was shown was in external consultation with a 75,17%; the age group with more positive cultures of enterobacteria ESBL was in the group of 65 years and over, with a 34%; the female sex presented more prevalence with a 62%; it has been showed that ESBL- producing Enterobacteriaceae presents resistance to other type of medication like ciprofloxacin, fosfomycin, gentamicin and trimethopin with sulfamethoxazole. Concluding with this project and achieving the objectives, the information that has been described provides a contribution to the scientific community.