Estado nutricional del recién nacido y factores de riesgo en adolescentes embarazadas de 10 a 19 años

Abstract

Introduction.- The low weight of the newborn can occur in pregnant adolescents, with negative consequences for children, associated to mother’s risk factors.

Objective: Is to determine the association between low birth weight of infants, born from adolescents (aged 10 to 19) with maternal and social risk factors, and compare them with the normal weight newborns of women aged 25 to 35.

Methodology.- It is a case and control study: 130 low weight newborns of adolescents and 390 with normal weight of adult women assisted at HVCM hospital, paired by residence, instruction and gestational age. The information was obtained from a test applied to the mothers and from the anthropometry of children. The data were processed in SPSS and Epidat software. The descriptive statistics (frequency and percentage) was used for the analysis, in order to establish the OR (Odss Ratio) association with a CI(95%) for the statistic significance, and logistic multivariate regression for control of the variables.

Results.- The results show that the average-age was 17.16, corresponding to latest adolescence. The risk association between low weight and social demographic factors was identified: birthplace, OR 1.70; marital status, OR 3.28; occupation, OR 5.29; and maternal factors: first gestation, OR 18.34; missing prenatal control, OR 5.3; missing vitamin intake, OR 2.3; anemia, OR 4.39.

Conclusion: There is a higher probability of low weight risk in the newborns of adolescent mothers, specially, with these factors: first gestation, rural birthplace, singles, students, missing prenatal controls, missing vitamin intake and anemia