Factores de riesgo y causas de hemorragia digestiva alta en el servicio de clínica del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, Cuenca 2009

Abstract

Objective : Determine the frequency of risk factors and causes of upper gastrointestinal bleeding in patients admitted to the Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, in October 2009 to September 2010.

Material and methods: A descriptive study was conducted in a universe of 135 patients. The data were obtained by direct source and analyzed with the help of Excel and SPSS software.

Results: Male patients predominated (62.2%). The minimum age was 18 years, the maximum was 94.44.4% were aged 65 years or older. A history of alcohol intake was 57.8% and 14.1% NSAID. Chronic liver disease in 52.6% of cases. Hematemesis was detected in 88.9% and minor bleeding were classified as 71.9%. In assessing endoscopic esophageal varices was observed in 48.9%, erosive gastritis 18.5%, gastric ulcer 17.7%, duodenal ulcer in 10.3% and erosive esophagitis, gastrointestinal malignancies, Mallory Weiss, erosive duodenitis and vascular malformations within 10%. Depending on the scale of Rockall 31.1% of patients were at high risk of recurrent bleeding. According to the Child Pugh scale, was classified as Child C 37.8% of patients. The mortality at discharge was 17.03%.

Conclusions: History of chronic alcohol intake (57.8%), chronic liver disease (52.6%). Endoscopically detected esophageal varices in 48.9%. With the scale of Rockall was observed 31.1% of patients at high risk of recurrence of bleeding. Child C cirrhotic patients in 37.8% and overall mortality of 17.03%.