Programa educativo para mejorar conocimientos, actitudes y prácticas en salud sexual y reproductiva en adolescentes de colegios rurales;estudio experimental abierto

Abstract

Background: Knowledge on sexual and reproductive health (SRH) among adolescents reaches 38%, the pregnancy rate in this range has increased to22.94% in rural areas. No effective comprehensive programs evaluated in SRH,and MSP programs are purely welfare, so it takes an educational program to reinforce the actions in adolescent health. Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of an educational program in improvingknowledge, attitudes and practices in sexual and reproductive health of rural adolescents in Cuenca. Method and materials: An experimental study was developed from March 2011 to February 2012. The universe was composed of all adolescents in the rural parishes of Cuenca, the sample was stratified by parish, representative and random, the data were collected in a previously validated questionnaire, information was processed in SPSS and Excel. Results: 120 students were randomized and assigned 60 to the intervention group and 60 to control, in the intervention group 40% were women and 60% male. The average age was 15.6 years. The 29.68% of male and 14.54% of women had sex.The average age of onset was 14.36 years. Before the intervention study and control groups were statistically similar, but after intervention the difference were statistically significant. Knowledge in the intervention group improved on 27.45% (p 0.000), attitudes on 17.96% (p 0.000) and practice 7.96% (p 0.019) but not in the control group. Conclusions: The educational program designed from pre-CAPS and the deconstruction of myths significantly improves the knowledge, attitudes and practices in sexual and reproductive health of rural adolescents.