Características de citología Bethesda III y IV en pacientes con patología nodular tiroidea en el Instituto del Cáncer SOLCA. Cuenca-Ecuador. 2009-2019

Abstract

Background: The Indeterminate categories of the Bethesda 2017 system of thyroid nodules present different percentages of risk of malignancy, which is why the study was carried out. Target. Describe the characteristics of Bethesda III and IV cytology in patients with nodular thyroid pathology at the SOLCA Cuenca Cancer Institute in the years 2009 - 2019. Method. Cross-sectional descriptive study collected information from the medical records of patients with nodular thyroid pathology in the period 01/01/2009 to 12/31/2019, the sample being category III and IV cytopathological results, a form was used to obtain the frequency and percentage of sociodemographic characteristics, and therapeutic management of thyroid nodules; frequency and percentage tables were made in SPSS v21. Results. The data indicate that 36.1% of patients with nodular thyroid pathology are in the Bethesda AUS/FLUS and FN/FSN categories; affecting women older than 55 years with 64.5% and 54.5%, respectively; who resides in the province of Azuay, with 51.6% of patient’s category Bethesda III, and category Bethesda IV is 75%. The surgical approach is the most used, with total thyroidectomy being the surgery of choice and after performing a biopsy of the same, most patients have malignant nodules. Conclusions. The patients with the highest risk of suffering from a malignant nodular pathology are women over 55 years of age; The treatment of choice is total thyroidectomy, which seeks to limit the disease and prevent it from compromising the patient's life. Keywords. Thyroid nodules. Bethesda system. Follicular lesion or lesion of uncertain significance. Follicular neoplasia or suspected follicular neoplasia.