Análisis de factores de riesgo que inciden en la deserción de nadadores élite pertenecientes a la academia Hermanos Enderica en tiempos de pandemia

Abstract

This research project aims to determine the most significant factors that affect the sports abandonment of elite swimmers belonging to the academy "Hermanos Enderica", through the application of a questionnaire with questions focused on various factors including low performance, lack of fun, poor ability, influence of others, low form/interest, and factors associated with the pandemic (Covid-19). The questionnaire took place in person at the facilities of the Azuay Sports Federation in the city of Cuenca, with an established study group of 10 male and female swimmers of elite category between 15 and 30 years belonging to the institution "Hermanos Enderica". In this way, it was possible to determine the specific factors that put at risk the continuity of the elite swimmers who represent the Azuay; in addition to defining the risk rate of sports dropout in athletes. The results showed that there is the presence of some factors mentioned above, however, their influence does not turn out to be significant when presenting values that are located in the percentile of low risk of sports abandonment established in the assessment table. Finally, it was possible to conclude that there is a low general risk in the factors that cause sports desertion in the aforementioned institution, and in this way the future outlook is favorable for the continuity of elite athletes; However, the presence of these factors, despite being minimal, indicates that they should be reinforced in different areas both of the athlete and their environment in order to reduce their impact.