Revisión bibliográfica de enfermedades ocupacionales en trabajadores de cultivos de banano por exposición a riesgos químicos y biológicos entre los años 2017 - 2021

Abstract

The banana industry is one of the most profitable in the world and generates thousands of direct and indirect jobs, during the banana cultivation process workers are exposed to many occupational risks, including chemical and biological risks. A literary review was carried out in bibliographic repositories such as: Google Scholar, Scielo, Redalyc, Medline, Pubmed, in a period of time from 2017 to 2021, in this way 18 articles that met the search inclusion criteria were chosen. Occupational diseases found by exposure to chemical risks are: contact dermatitis, acute and chronic poisoning, neuronal damage, DNA damage, cancer, damage to the reproductive and respiratory system, occupational diseases have been found very generally due to exposure to biological risks, these are viral, allergic caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi, insect bites and poisonous animals. The scientific literature found was very limited, which makes us think that there is a lot of work ahead in determining the prevalence of diseases due to exposure to chemical and biological risks in banana crops, especially in Ecuador, despite this, it must be made clear that it is a high-risk occupation, so a safety and health plan must be had on each banana farm, taking measures such as: train personnel, use appropriate personal protective equipment, properly use the safety sheets of toxic substances used in the banana cultivation process.