Características clínicas y epidemiológicas del traumatismo craneoencefálico en pacientes pediátricos en el Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso. Enero 2020 a marzo 2021

Abstract

Background: Cranioencephalic trauma is a prevalent pathology in pediatrics, it is the main cause of traumatic death and serious sequelae. Objective: To determine the Clinical and Epidemiological Characteristics of the Pediatric Patient with Head Trauma at the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital from January 2020 to March 2021. Methodology: This research is descriptive, quantitative, the universe consisted of all the patients who were admitted to the Department of Pediatrics with a diagnosis of head trauma, after they met the inclusion criteria prior to obtaining informed consent. The information of interest was collected in a form prepared by the author through a survey. The data were tabulated and analyzed in the SPSS version 15.0 program, the variables are presented in frequencies and percentages. Results: There was a predominance of schoolchildren (30.5%), male (62.6%), urban origin (66.1%), typical middle socioeconomic condition (47.1%); Falling from his own height of less than one meter was the most frequent (50%); mild TBI (83.3%) and epidural hematoma (16.7%) predominated. The most frequent symptomatology was vomiting (41.4%); the home was the most frequent accident site (73%). 84.5% received clinical treatment, hematoma drainage was performed in 8.6%, the most observed associated injuries were extremities (4.6%), according to the Marshall scale type I diffuse brain injury predominated with 74, one%. All patients were discharged alive. Conclusions: mild head trauma predominated, with epidural hematoma being the most frequent injury.