Oxigenoterapia en pacientes con COVID-19: revisión sistemática

Abstract

Background: COVID-19 is a health emergency, the same one that in severe cases causes acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), therefore one of the fundamental treatments is oxygen therapy, which, when administered in a timely manner, reduces the mortality of the patient. Objective: to determine the criteria for the need for oxygen therapy in patients with COVID-19. Methods: observational study, systematic review. They included studies published in the last 2 years, without language discrimination, quality of evidence quintile 1 to 3, methodological designs such as: retrospective, prospective studies. The information search was carried out in electronic databases such as: Hindawi, Scopus, Redalyc, Scielo, Pubmed, Springer, New England Journal of Medicine, British Medical Journal, Cochrane. Data were consolidated into custom tables. Results: The criteria for oxygen therapy were: O2 saturation <92%, PaO2 / FiO2 <200 mmHg, respiratory rate> 30 / min, most patients used a high-flow nasal cannula (HNFO), with higher mortality in the event of failure of this device and application of non-invasive ventilation (NIV) or mechanical ventilation (MV), and as a consequence, a higher percentage of discharges with HNFO. Conclusion: The use of early oxygen therapy could be beneficial, with non-invasive methods being one of the fundamental pillars especially the HNFO for

cost-benefit.