Efecto de la elevación de miembros inferiores en 40 grados y la administración de líquidos intravenoso sobre la presión arterial en pacientes con bloqueo neuroaxial. Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso. Cuenca, 2019-2020

Abstract

Background: Spinal anesthesia is a technique used in multiple surgical interventions. The most common adverse effect is a decrease in blood pressure. There are several ways to avoid it such as: drugs, physical or positional means. Objective: To describe the effect of limb elevation below 40 degrees and the administration of parenteral fluids on blood pressure after neuraxial anesthesia. Methods: Descriptive observational study to describe blood pressure after neuroxial blockade at one minute, five and ten minutes, when raising the lower limbs by 40 degrees and when administering fluids. Sample of 331 patients from the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital, the data were entered into forms and processed using the SPSS version 15 program with inferential statistics. Results: A mean arterial pressure was obtained after the administration of fluids at one minute of 91.22 ± 6.94 mmHg, with the elevation of the legs of 93.81 ± 8.26 mmHg; at 5 minutes 75.52 ± 12.29 mmHg and 75.51 ± 13.9mmHg and at 10 minutes 74.28 ± 10.58 mmHg and 73.29 ± 11.82 mmHg, respectively. Diastolic blood pressure p = 0.03 and mean p = 0.002 one minute after the block had a significant difference. At 5 and 10 minutes there was no significant difference with p> 0.05. Conclusions: In the present study, the leg elevation and the administration of fluids prevented hypotension and there was no statistically significant difference between the blood pressures of the two methods, suggesting the use of the leg elevation for patients with contraindication to use fluids.