Frecuencia de las complicaciones maternas y fetales en mujeres embarazadas con diabetes mellitus en el Hospital de Especialidades José Carrasco Arteaga, enero 2017 – diciembre 2019

Abstract

Background: Gestational diabetes mellitus is one of the most common complications during pregnancy, which leads to a series of both maternal and fetal complications. The present study demonstrates the frequency of presentation of these complications. Objective: To determine the frequency of maternal complications in pregnant women with diabetes mellitus: preeclampsia, cardiovascular, maternal infections, premature delivery, increased risk of caesarean section, and neonatal complications: malformations, macrosomia, stillbirth, chorioamnionitis, neonatal asphyxia, premature birth, hypoglycemia, injury at birth, respiratory distress syndrome, polycythemia, hyperbilirubinemia and hypocalcemia, at the José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital of IESS January 2017- December 2019. Methodology: It is a descriptive cross-sectional investigation. The data collection was carried out with the medical records of pregnant women who attended the José Carrasco hospital in the period January 2017 to December 2019. A form was used in the medical records of the patients, which will be presented in tables and graphs representing the frequency of complications. Results: A total of 63 medical records were included, of which: the age group with gestational diabetes that presented more frequently was between 20 - 35 years of age, with a total of 55.6%. The most frequent maternal complications were maternal infections with 61.9%, followed by the highest risk of cesarean section with 44.4%. Among neonatal complications, a low frequency was observed, the most observed being prematurity with 5 cases (7.9%), followed by respiratory distress syndrome with 4 cases (6.3%).