Prevalencia y factores de riesgo de la enfermedad pulmonar obstructiva crónica en pacientes del Hospital Regional Vicente Corral Moscoso Cuenca Ecuador, enero 2006 a diciembre 2007

Abstract

Objective. To determine the prevalence of Pulmonary Disease Chronic Obstructiva and its factors associated in a sample of patients who have been taken care of in Internal Medicine consultation of the Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso in a period of twenty and four months.- Materials and method. With a design of cross section 205 clinical histories of equal number of patients were included who were taken care of in the Internal Medicine consultation in the period January of 2006 December of 2007. The prevalence of EPOC was considered and the factors associated by means of the test of RP were identified (IC95%).-Results. The hospitable prevalence of EPOC was of 56.5%. The greater patients of 70 years were 58.5%, with a predominance of women of 57.1% and with a 55.6% of rural residence.- The more frequent signs and symptoms were: cough (76.5%), disnea (24.3%), torácica elasticity diminished (21.4%) and asthenia (13.1%). 46.8% of the patients received treatment. In 53.2% of the sample this information was not registered.- The espirometría was fulfilled solely in 41.5% of the patients in spite of being a procedure indispensable for the diagnosis. In the patients who were made, the restrictive pattern was 24.9%, the compound 11.7% and the obstructive 2%. 56.6% of patients were not made the examination. Was association between the habit to smoke and to cook with firewood with respect to the prevalence of EPOC and the association was significant RP: 2,88 (IC95%: 1,2 - 6.8) P = 0.007) but to cook with firewood RP: 2,83 (IC95%: 0,4 - 17.5) were not it (P = 0.179). The other factors: exhibition to environmental toxics, to toxics in the place of work, antecedents of infections in the childhood and familiar predisposition to infections, was not briefed in respective clinical histories of which the information was compiled.- Implications. The results of our compilation are concordant with medical Literature although not in the rate of prevalence that was very high. The limitations of the study are the own ones of which they use clinical histories like source of intelligence.