Diseño y desarrollo de una solución informática para la gestión de puntos de carga para vehículos eléctricos en la ciudad de Cuenca

Abstract

After a grim outlook due to the pollution generated over the years and how damaging this is to humanity, the need arises to replace one of the biggest causes of this problem. For this reason, the industries dedicated to transport that are the main emitters of harmful gases, given the notorious situation, begin with a progressive development of new technologies. From several proposed initiatives, electric vehicles emerge, however, their massification is limited by several aspects, among them: little marketing, ignorance, not having an infrastructure for public charge or support of any kind, among others. These reasons have triggered the failure of the initiatives that have tried to support the insertion of electric vehicles in Ecuador. Given the shortcomings of previous implementations of electric vehicle charging point management systems in various areas of the country, characterized by dependence on the vehicle manufacturer and the charging point, the lack of technical advice regarding knowledge of the charging stations are concerned, and the unavailability of public charging stations, which has limited the performance of vehicles; This degree project proposes a computer solution that mitigates these shortcomings. The objective of this work is to design and develop a prototype of a mobile application for electric vehicles, with the capacity to manage reservations and geolocation to facilitate the future insertion of charging points, proposing a simulated environment for functionality within the city of Cuenca. To meet the goal, a literature review and both an exploratory and field analysis is performed, as well as an approach with the possible users to establish the necessary requirements, as a result, the need for standardized communication is evidenced to decouple this implementation from charging points manufacturers. The computer solution consists of a mobile application called Tidy that allows us to view and monitor the information generated by the charging points that are registered within a centralized database. Additionally, a program that operates within a simulated environment, has been developed. This environment allows bidirectional communication with the simulation of a charging point to obtain variables such as: availability, states, events and the amount of energy charged. So, the solution helps to efficiently execute and automate all the processes that are carried out when a person charges an electric vehicle. Finally, an evaluation is carried out in the field of usability to have the degree of acceptance of the application and the feasibility of launching it on the market.