Planificación óptima del intercambio de energía de vehículos eléctricos en estacionamientos considerando incertidumbres

Abstract

Electric vehicles (EVs) are expected to play an important role in the transportation system due to environmental problems and energy crises that affect the planet today. The deployment of a large number of vehicles requires adequate demand management, in order to provide lower expansion and investment costs, as well as avoid future congestion in the electrical distribution network. This article analyzes the energy exchange between electric vehicles and the distribution network considering the V2G capacity in the charging stations and under a price scheme according to time of use (TOU), an incentive for EVs to be charged and discharged when electricity prices associated with demand change. In this study, the electric vehicle aggregator is responsible for providing energy and controlling the charging pattern of electric vehicles within parking lots. The proposed model allows determining the optimal parking lot loading and unloading patterns based on a method that maximizes the aggregator's profits. In addition, the Monte Carlo technique is applied to manage the uncertainties associated with the behavior of vehicles during the day