Impacto fisiopatológico y estrés oxidativo por exposición crónica al monóxido de carbono. Revisión bibliográfica

Abstract

The present work aims to establish the pathophysiological and oxidative stress alterations due to chronic exposure to carbon monoxide. A systematic review of the literature was carried out; using for this purpose the Digital Databases Scopus, Science Direct, PubMed, ProQuest, DOAJ and the academic search engine Google Scholar, orienting the research to chronic exposure, pathophysiological alterations and/or oxidative stress, as well as the sources of CO exposure; excluding studies not scientifically validated, those incomplete in terms of toxicological risk, those inclined to the study of other chemical agents, studies of acutely exposed population, studies with cardiovascular, respiratory or neurological comorbidities and studies published in years prior to 2010. We obtained 17 studies that met the inclusion and quality criteria, most of them being cross-sectional-descriptive, applied mainly in Western countries. After the extraction, analysis and synthesis of the information, it was found that neurological alterations were the most reported, followed by cardiovascular and respiratory alterations, whose main source of exposure was environmental; however, cardiovascular pathophysiology was the most prevalent in the face of chronic exposure to CO. Therefore, through this systematic review of the literature, we were able to associate the pathophysiology reported in each study with the oxidative stress generated in biomolecules, as well as with the mechanism of action and the sources of exposure, thus complementing the information available on the toxic action of CO.