Frecuencia de fenotipos sanguíneos del factor Rh negativo en donantes del banco de sangre de SOLCA–Cuenca en el período 2017-2019. Cuenca 2021

Abstract

Background: Red blood cell concentrate is one of the most frequently infused blood components; Therefore, it is essential to determine the ABO blood group and Rh factor of each individual. In recent years, the Rh factor has been considered very important during blood transfusion, since it has a high antigenic capacity, especially the D, C, c, E and e antigens. The WHO indicates that 15% of the population has a negative Rh factor, being the most frequent phenotype ccdee, however, there are more blood phenotypes capable of causing hemolytic reactions, therefore its determination guarantees a safe blood transfusion. Objective: To determine the frequency of blood phenotypes of the negative Rh factor in donors of the SOLCA Blood Bank - Cuenca in the period 2017-2019 Methodology: The present study was of a retrospective descriptive type; the universe was made up of the medical records of donors with a negative Rh factor who attended the SOLCA Blood Bank - Cuenca in the period 2017-2019. For data analysis, descriptive statistics were used to determine the frequency of blood phenotypes and association tables were also made between the variables blood group, sex and origin. Results: 199 donors with negative Rh factor were registered, in which 64.3% had blood group O, while the most frequent blood phenotype was ccdee with 88.4%. In relation to blood group O and blood phenotype ccdee, there was a frequency of 58.3%.