Prevalencia de fístulas postoperatorias en usuarios con fisura labio alveolo palatina, atendidos en el Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, en el periodo 2016 – 2019

Abstract

The fissure of lip, alveolus, and palate is a frequent congenic malformation, characterized by the lack of fusion of the musculocutaneous components of the face, with a prevalence of 1/650. The first intervention is palatoplasty; it can lead to complications such as fistulas, with a prevalence from 0 to 76% on the national level and 6% in Ecuador. It could cause consequences like nasal regurgitation, speech disorders, dysphagia, etc. Its intervention must be interdisciplinary. General objective: To determine the prevalence of post-surgery fistulas in users with fissure of lip, alveolus, and palate, assisted at the Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso (HVCM), in the period from January 2016 to December 2019. Methodology: Descriptive study, of retrospective court; done through the revision of forty medical reports of users with fissure of lip, alveolus, and palate, who show fistula, assisted from January 2016 to December 2019 at the HVCM. The information was recollecting in a form and analyzed in the programs SPSS and Excel. Results: forty medical reports obtained by fissure of lip, alveolus, and palate’s users with fistula, the most prevalent type of fistula was the IV (hard palate) with 20%. According to the CIE-10’ s classification, the most frequent fissure is Q35.0 (hard bilateral palate), with 45%; the average of surgical interventions is 2.4; the media of age is 9.7 years, and the trend is 6 years. Finally, the gender with a higher frequency corresponds to the men with 70%. Conclusion: The 94% users assisted at the HVCM did not exhibit fistula or meet the criteria of inclusion for the study, the case being that 6% of registered users obtain fistulas, the most frequent type was IV (hard palate) with a 20%.