Diseño y simulación de un filtro activo para redes eléctricas monofásicas residenciales mediante un controlador P.I.

Abstract

Faced with the expansion of Information and Communication Technologies in the 21st century, devices such as computers, mobile phones, signal converters, speed variators of electric motors, among others, are part of non-linear loads, they have revealed disturbances in the wave of electric current distorting it with respect to the signal at fundamental frequency, which has generated negative effects on the useful life of elements of the electric circuit and consequently reducing the quality of electric power in the network. The present degree work promotes the contribution to research in the context of control of electrical systems, the design and simulation of the active filter has the purpose of mitigating harmonic current distortions (THDi) and compensating reactive power. The controller is of the proportional-integral (PI) type and the harmonic extraction is carried out in the synchronous reference frame (DQ) and the dynamics tests are based on simulations in different load contexts and comparisons with other control techniques. The objective is that the active filter complies with the recommendations established in the IEEE 519-2014 standard, referring to the maximum admissible ranges of total harmonic distortion (THD) of electrical current intensity signals. For this purpose, the degree work was carried out based on the action research methodology (IA) with a comparative approach and its scope is constructionist. In the 7 test scenarios of the active filter, in the face of various non-linear loads and variation in the distance between the secondary network and the electric service customer, the active filter reduces the THDi by 89.92% under nominal load conditions at the point of Common Coupling (PCC) whose values are within the allowable range of the IEEE 519-2014 standard.