Características clínico-patológicas en pacientes con diagnóstico de cáncer gástrico en el Instituto del Cáncer SOLCA Cuenca, en el periodo 2014 – 2019

Abstract

Background: The World Health Organization (WHO) states gastric cancer as the first cancer among the cancers with most mortality worldwide. In Ecuador, the National Institute of Statistics and Censuses (INEC) states that this cancer was responsible for 1687 deaths in 2018, representing 2,4% of the total deaths of that year. Objective: To determine the clinical-pathological characteristics in patients with the diagnosis of gastric cancer in the Institute of Cancer SOLCA of Cuenca, from 2014-2019. Method and Materials: a descriptive and retrospective study. The universe was conformed of 719 patients, of whom 549 met the inclusion criteria. The information was recollected from the Institute of Cancer SOLCA Cuenca´s database and was analyzed through SPSS Statistics 25 (free version) and Microsoft Excel 2010. Results: The prevalence of gastric cancer was approximately 1 for every 1000 patients. Regarding sociodemographic variables, the sex was man (52,3%), the age range was 70 – 79-year-olds (25,1%), the marital status was married (61,2%), the living area was urban (64,8%), the instruction was basic (39,2%) and the occupation was unemployed (47,2%). Regarding histopathological variables, the most frequent location was the pylorus (45,4%), the histological type was the tubular adenocarcinoma (62,3%), the differentiation grade was poorly differentiated (G3) in 55,4% and the clinical stage was IV B in 45,4%. Conclusions: Gastric cancer continues being very prevalent in our society, in men of advanced age, and they present with advanced clinical stages at the moment of diagnosis.