Diagnóstico de lesiones focales en el hígado cirrótico por Tomografía Computarizada y Resonancia Magnética

Abstract

Background: The identification and characterization of focal lesions in the cirrhotic liver can create a dilemma in the diagnosis. Different lesions can be detected, both benign and malignant, it has been reported that both computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging are good diagnostic methods in patients with cirrhosis. General objective: To determine between computed tomography and magnetic resonance which is the method par excellence in the diagnosis of focal lesions in the cirrhotic liver. Materials and methods: A systematic review was carried out taking into consideration the following medical search engines: Pubmed, Scopus, Springer, Hindawi, Medline, Scielo, Redalyc, Web of Science, Latindex and academic Google, with the following keywords: "Liver cirrhosis", "Hepatic neoplasms", "Liver cancer", "Magnetic resonance imaging", "Tomography" and "focal lesions", in Spanish, English and Portuguese, taking into account original articles from 2015 to 2020. Results: After reviewing the articles, a total of 11 were analyzed, 6 of which were retrospective and 5 prospective, with samples ranging from 20 to 3.600 patients with cirrhosis, reporting that 8 evaluated the role of computed tomography in the study of focal lesions and 3 were only reports where magnetic resonance was included. Conclusions: MRI and CT can provide a standardized non-invasive diagnosis for patients with high-risk hepatocellular carcinoma, with specific contrast media for the liver are reliable and of equal informative value in the characterization of focal liver lesions.