Factores asociados con infecciones por bacterias multiresistentes en el Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso Cuenca, 2018-2019

Abstract

Background: bacterial resistance is characterized by the adaptability of microorganisms to the injuries of their environment represented by antibiotics and which is currently one of the main causes of worldwide mortality. General Objective: determine the factors associated with multi-resistant bacterial infections in the “Vicente Corral Moscoso” hospital in Cuenca in the period 2018-2019. Materials and methods: paired case-control study with a sample of 147 cases and 147 controls, whose data were obtained from digital medical records, with their respective approval by the Bioethics Committee. The probability of association between the variables was calculated by means of the Odds Ratio with a confidence interval (CI) of 95% and the level of significance given by the value of p <0.05 calculated by the Mc Nemar test. Results: a sample of 294 patients with a predominance of males and an age greater than 60 years of age was registered. The most frequent bacteria isolated was E. coli, the largest number of biological samples was sputum. The factors associated with multi-resistant bacterial infections with statistically significant results were the presence of a central venous catheter with OR: 3.35 (1.71-6.75), previous hospitalization with OR: 2.43 (1.33-4.5), history of mechanical ventilation with OR: 3.16 (1.21-9.68) and previous antibiotic therapy with OR: 5.58 (2.60-12.61). Conclusions: there is a statistically significant relationship between the presence of a central venous catheter, previous hospitalization, a history of mechanical ventilation and previous antibiotic therapy with infections caused by multi-resistant bacteria.