Prevalencia y factores asociados a cesárea primitiva. Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga, 2019

Abstract

Background: the prevalence of cesarean section has increased worldwide in the last 50 years, currently it is around 30% compared to 5% in the 60s. Objective: to establish the prevalence and factors associated with primitive cesarean section, Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga, year 2019. Methodology: this was a cross-sectional study. The sample consisted of 267 pregnant women who met the inclusion criteria. The data were analyzed in the SPSS 25 program, the study variables were presented in percentage, the associated factor was established with values of Prevalence Ratio with 95% confidence interval, the hypothesis was accepted with p-value < 0.05. Results: the prevalence of primitive cesarean section was 49.06%, 63.67% were young adults, 53.93% married, 59.55% urban residence, 43.45% high school and 60.67% employed. Overweight represented 54.31% and 80.9% had a full-term pregnancy. The unfavorable conditions were 17.9% non-reassuring fetal status, 13% fetal dystocia and 8.6% maternal dystocia, obesity as comorbidity was 35.2% and the associated factors with statistical significance were: non-reassuring fetal status (PR= 2.6, p = 0.000), fetal dystocia (PR= 2.4, p = 0.000), maternal dystocia (PR= 2.2, p = 0.000) and preeclampsia PR= 1.91, p = 0.000). Conclusions: the prevalence of primitive cesarean section was 49.02%, the majority were young adults, the termination of pregnancy was at term, and the associated factors were: non-reassuring fetal status, fetal and maternal dystocia and preeclampsia.