Variabilidad de la presión arterial en pacientes hipertensos durante colecistectomía laparoscópica. Hospitales Vicente Corral Moscoso y José Carrasco Arteaga. Cuenca, 2019

Abstract

Background: Laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a common procedure and arterial hypertension is a pathology with a high prevalence; when both conditions are found in an individual, morbidity and mortality increases in the perioperative period. Objective: To describe the variability of blood pressure in hypertensive patients during laparoscopic cholecystectomy, at the Vicente Corral Moscoso and José Carrasco Arteaga hospitals. Methodology: descriptive observational study from January to December 2019. The population consisted of patients with a diagnosis of hypertension treated or not, undergoing scheduled and emergency surgery with general anesthesia for laparoscopic cholecystectomy who met the inclusion criteria (n=361). Results: The mean age of the people who underwent the procedure was 58 years, with respect to sex, 72.9% were women. 43.2% of those examined were overweight, 87% ASA II, with a time of HT greater than or equal to 5 years for 55.7% of those studied, with an adherence of 78.9%. According to the SBP, a statistically significant difference was obtained between baseline and that during induction, a similar behavior with respect to DBP and mean arterial pressure. Likewise, a significant variability was reported between SBP, DBP and MAP taken at the beginning and at the end of the surgical procedure. Finally, with regard to the treatment for hypotension, fluid therapy was applied in 47.9% of the people, ephedrine was administered in 30.5% of the patients, and 24.4% had adjustments made in the sevoflurane. Conclusions: Systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressure varied in all BP measurements taken throughout the surgical act.