The effects of reading strategies on ESL and EFL learners´ reading comprehension

Abstract

Reading strategies are commonly used worldwide, so the purpose of this research synthesis is to report the founded effects of reading strategies on EFL and ESL learners ‘reading comprehension. Throughout this analysis, the study tries to give guidance for teachers and instructors on relevant aspects when they apply reading strategies. Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed-method studies were considered. From different databases, published articles focused on reading strategies and their effects, pros, and cons of reading comprehension are analyzed. In total, 16 studies were studied. Findings exposed that the previous instruction of the learners is crucial to comprehend a text. The study also revealed that each reading activity stage develops different learners´ skills and subskills. It is also necessary to contemplate the advantages and disadvantages when preparing a reading strategy. The English learning context could boost language acquisition through interaction. It was found that reading strategies use presented more positive than negative effects on cognition as well as metacognition. In conclusion, it could be essential to consider the learners´ level of education, the reading activities employed, the advantages and disadvantages, the language acquisition context, and the positive or negative effects when applying Reading Strategies.