Prevalencia y factores de riesgo asociados a depresión infantil en niños/as de treinta y tres escuelas rurales, Cuenca 2011

Abstract

Background: Childhood depression has negative impact on levels, family, school, and social. Objective: To determine the prevalence and identify risk factors associated with depressive behavior in children of 33 schools from ten rural parishes of the Cuenca city enrolled in the academic year 2010 to 2011. Materials and Methods: This study was descriptive, cross-section, which includes a universe of 10,718 children of the fifth, sixth and seventh year of basic education for all rural schools in Cuenca, just by randomization was obtained a sample of 403 children belonging to 33 schools in ten rural parishes of the canton and only 375 children met the inclusion criteria. The instrument used to measuring was a collection form that containing: socio-demographic variables, test CDI (Children's Depression Inventory) long version in Spanish, APGAR test for family functioning, the same as those applied prior informed consent of parents family. Results: 12% had major depression, 24.8% presented moderate depression, 54.1% were female, family dysfunction was identified in 21.3%, 18.7% live in urban and 34.1% had a family that has emigrated. Conclusion: The prevalence of childhood depression in our study was 36.8%, with 12% major depression and 24.8% moderate depression. The risk factors found in this study were: dysfunctional families, place of residence and families of children, who have migrated.