Estrategias de afrontamiento ante el estrés de los inmigrantes venezolanos radicados en la ciudad de Cuenca en el año 2020

Abstract

Ecuador does not solely characterize itself as a country of immigrants, in the last couple of decades it has turned into a welcoming country to different populations. According to data from the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and Human Mobility (2018), until September 2018, there was a migratory balance registry of 215,000 Venezuelan citizens in the country, this is mainly due to political character, economic and social humanitarian crisis that their country is facing. The migratory phenomenon generates stress, which supposes an imbalance in an individual that would imply risks in their physical and mental health, an effect that in the future may turn into psychological disorders that will affect the migrant's quality of life and development within new context. It is considered important to understand how the migrant copes with the migratory process and to know the strategies they use to face it. Therefore, this research aims to expose strategies to cope with the stress caused by the migratory process in Venezuelan immigrants residing in the city of Cuenca. The population was chosen through a non-probabilistic convenience sampling, with a descriptive scope. The uprising information gathered with the help of the Stress Coping Questionnaire (CAE). The results obtained indicate that the most used strategy is the focus on problem solving, followed by positive reassessment. Regarding the general dimensions, there is a tendency to use rational strategies, reflecting that Venezuelan immigrants use as a coping strategy when facing stress, the construction of positive perspectives towards their current reality.