Fiesta mayor del Lalay Cañari: cantos del Pukara. Estudio y análisis etnomusical en la parroquia Juncal

Abstract

This thesis is titled Lalay Cañari Festival: Pukara songs. Ethnomusical study and analysis in Juncal parish, comprises the ethnomusicological study of Lalay known as Carnival in Juncal parish of the Cañar Canton. The songs of Lalay, include the Takis, the Urpis and the Pukara. The Lalay Cañari is within the agro-festive calendar of the four ancestral celebrations of the Andean people, Inti Raymi, Kapak Raymi, Killa Raymi and Pawkar Raymi. Lalay Cañari coincides with the celebration of the feast of Carnival on the Catholic calendar. The community members prepare each year to receive the Apu Tayta (A mythical person), where each family member prepares and performs their various melodies and songs. In this work it has been possible to reconstruct, to record and to analyze some of the ancient songs of the Pukara, which were interpreted on the battlefields. Pukara is a fighting ritual that was performed between families, communities, or a member of the Juncal communities when he met the Apu Tayta to ensure and achieve the experience of the kushi (happiness), good luck and therefore the alli apanakuy (harmony) for all the year. The work predominantly applies ethnography as a research method, that is, a direct contact with the protagonists such as Kichwa speaking wise fathers (Taytakuna) and wise mothers (Mamakuna), who were interviewed; records that are cited in this thesis. With these elements it is possible to strengthen the knowledge of the culture. The ethnomusicological study presents as final products: compilation, translation, interpretation, collection and edition of scores, textual analysis, musical and recording of songs such as Gallo (Rooster), Pukara, Toro (Bull) and Simbalo/Shulala (wild Andean fruits).