Factores predisponentes de embarazo en adolescentes del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso de la ciudad de Cuenca durante el año 2011

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Among the various health problems of Ecuador is teenage pregnancy, which has significance not only medical but social, familial, cultural and ethical. According to the latest projections by INEC in 2009, 19.9% of the populations are adolescents which women account for 9.79% teens. METHODS: An observational, descriptive, the universe consisted of 100 pregnant adolescents, we identified cases according to age, being considered by OMS those with between 10 and 19 years of age, who were admitted to the obstetrics of HVCM from April to June 2011 and met the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The results were processed graphically and statistically in Microsoft Excel and SPSS 15.0 Software. RESULTS: The average age of pregnant teenagers was 16.5 years; late adolescence (17-19 years) got the highest number of cases 76%. 58% completed the secondary education. Adolescents who lived in cohabitation without being married were the 44%. Depending on the type of family structure 45% have a nuclear family. 58% have a close relative migration story. 46% reported not having planned their pregnancy. 13% of adolescents had her second pregnancy during the research. The average age of menarche onset was 12.78 years and the average age for the first sexual intercourse was 15.68 years. Only a 51% of adolescents received family planning information. 81% of cases did not use any contraception. Among the diseases associated with pregnancy are urinary tract infections with a 58%, anemia and gestational hypertension. A 34% of the cases had a cesarean; most often causes were cephalopelvic disproportion, acute fetal distress and preeclampsia. A 24% had a difficult birth due to uterine hypodynamy, conduced, premature membrane rupture and preeclampsia each one. DeCS: sexual and reproductive health, pregnancy in adolescence-psychology; pregnancy in adolescence-physiology; pregnancy in adolescence-statistics and numerical data; adolescent, hospitalized; Hospital Regional Vicente Corral Moscoso; Cuenca-Ecuador.