Cáncer gástrico y grupos sanguíneos en el “Instituto de cáncer SOLCA – Cuenca”. 2019

Abstract

Background The gastric cancer is a neoplastic disease causing uncontrolled and abnormal growth of the cells that are responsible for covering the inner surface of the stomach. In 2018, the International Agency for the Research of Cancer (IARC) showed that there are were 1.033.000 new cases of gastric cancer; in the same year, the World Health Organization revealed that the frequency of gastric cancer worldwide was 5,7%, representing the fifth cause of death from cancer (2,38). Objective: To establish the distribution of gastric cancer according to the blood groups of the patients treated in the Cancer Institute SOLCA during the period 2013-2018. Methodology: The research was a kind of descriptive in cross-section, with a universe conformed by patients who underwent stomach biopsy treated in the Cancer Institute SOLCA Cuenca in the period 2013-2018; the sampling will be obtained in those who underwent a stomach biopsy in the study period. The data was processed with computer tools such as SPSS Statistics 25, trial version, and EXCEL, analyzing the data obtained with descriptive statistics and association measures. Results: The frequency of gastric cancer in the six periods of the study was 14,2%, the male sex was 52,19%, showing with significance and association statistical; 97,92% corresponded to an age between 30 and 95 years, finding association and significance statistical in more than 50 years. The 78,5% of the patients came from the Health Zone Six. The blood group “O” obtained the highest frequency index in positives with 10,8%. The presence of gastric cancer is presented in the following order: "O", "A", "B Conclusions: The gastric cancer has a frequency of 14,2% in the study periods, predominating the blood groups O, the male sex and age group over 50 years. From the last two mentioned above, statistical significance and associations were obtained.