Control de calidad física química y microbiológica del agua potable de la comunidad rural Sisid Anejo, parroquia Ingapirca, provincia del Cañar

Abstract

Water constitutes as the most important resource for planet earth, being vital for the global economic and social development. It is considered as one of the fundamental natural resources for life development. Because of it is multiple uses, the provisioning of water for domestic use is the most demanding, in terms of quality and supply (Cava & Ramos, 2016) (Cirelli, 2012). The present degree work was carried out with the objective of analyzing the quality of drinking water that is distributed in the rural community of Sisid Anejo, of Ingapirca Parish, belonging to the Canton and Province of Cañar, with the measurements respective parameter of physical, chemical and microbiological; and based on the obtained results, make a contrast with the established requirements by the Ecuadorian Institute of Normalization “INEN” 1108:2020 and by the Regulation of the Quality of Water for the Human Consumption of Peru. The total of water samples analyzed were 69, which were randomly selected into the three zones of study. The physical, chemical and microbiological analyzes were carried out for 12 weeks between the months of December 2019, January and February 2020, at the Laboratory of Analysis for Quality of the Water and Soil at the University of Cuenca -Balzay Campus, with the exception of chlorine residual and the pH that were determined in situ with the help of the Colorimeter DR 1890 and Water Quality Meter 850081 equipment, respectively. In the data analysis, two types of study were applied: descriptive and analytic using the Microsoft Excel 2013 program. Based the obtained results it was evident that the parameters physiochemical meet with the reference standards, with exception of the free chlorine residual in the three study zones and the pH mainly in the low zone. Regarding the microbiological parameters, growth of 4 NMP/100 mL of total Coliforms was observed in two samples of the low zone, and a total negativity for fecal Coliforms in all the study areas.