Análisis de capacidad sismorresistente de edificaciones de mampostería de ladrillo con viga de atado típicas del Centro Histórico de la ciudad de Cuenca

Abstract

Ecuador is a country located in the Pacific ring of fire, it has high seismic risk and therefore the buildings are subject to seismic solicitations. Hence, cities such as Cuenca are subject to strong telluric movements due to the presence of the Girón fault and because it is a city whose urban layout conforms to the orthogonal plan established 400 years ago and whose most common buildings are made of masonry, which have remained over time, being rebuilt, restored and reinforced to maintain colonial architecture and therefore form part of the Historic Center, which have allowed to be recognized as a Cultural Heritage of Humanity. Therefore, the entire city and especially the Historic Center of Cuenca (CHC) is very vulnerable to earthquakes as found in the P-BID 400 project (1999-2002): “Peligro Sísmico en el Austro y Vulnerabilidad Sísmica en la Ciudad de Cuenca”, leaded by Red Sísmica del Austro de la Universidad de Cuenca (Jiménez, 2002). In this context it is necessary to carry out a seismic evaluation of the buildings with the typologies present in the CHC. In this work the seismic behavior of brick masonry buildings with tie beams (MNRL-VA) was studied. For this, 3 prototype buildings were defined depending on the construction area and a parametric study was carried out, varying the thickness of the walls, the quality of the materials, the stiffness of the floor and the influence of reinforcement of the tie beam, other masonry typologies were also modeled: unreinforced masonry (MNR) and confined masonry (MC) to see the influence of typology on the seismic-response of buildings. The models were implemented in the 3Muri program that allows pushover curves to be performed and that uses the equivalent frame model with macroelements, model proposed by Lagomarsino et al. (2013). Since this typology does not present studies carried out in the region, a bibliographic review was carried out in order to obtain information on the use and behavior of the tie beam in buildings.