Prevalencia de complicaciones agudas en pacientes sometidos a diálisis en el Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga, 2018. Cuenca 2019

Abstract

Background: chronic kidney disease is becoming the biggest health problem in the world. More specifically in Ecuador where it can be established that this pathology has a very high index according to the INEC results. Objective: determine the prevalence of acute complications of patients undergoing dialysis at the José Carrasco Arteaga hospital in 2018. Methodology: a retrospective descriptive observational study of prevalence will be carried out by collecting data and reviewing the medical records of a total of 260 patients undergoing treatment with peritoneal dialysis and hemodialysis treated in the hospital's nephrology department that meet the inclusion criteria. The information will be obtained from the medical records and demographic data of the patients will be documented, approximate of the diagnosis in previous cases, definitive data of the diagnosis in new cases, vital parameters, treatment and laboratory parameters. Subsequently, the results will be presented in percentage values, deviation, average, median, mode and will be managed through the SPSS version 19 program. Results: the prevailing age group in this study falls into the category of 65 years and over, predominantly male patients with 59.2%. Marital status married also prevails with 59.2%. The majority of patients have a level of secondary education and are from and residents of the province of Azuay. The etiology that is most observed in patients undergoing dialysis is arterial hypertension, followed by patients presenting an association of two etiologies such as arterial hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Conclusion: Non-infectious complications correspond to the most frequent group in the hemodialysis procedure with a prevalence of 0.723 x 1000, the study population is in an age group of 65 years and more corresponds to the male sex, married marital status and are from the Azuay province. Among the non-infectious complications the most frequent is arterial hypertension with 0.819 x 1000 followed by anemia with a prevalence of 0.758 and electrolyte imbalance leading the hypochloremia with 0.612 x 1000, while of the infectious complications, peritonitis is the most prevalent with 0.351 x 1000 patients