Sobrevida y complicaciones del paciente con injerto renal de donante cadavérico vs. donante vivo, controlados en el hospital "José Carrasco Arteaga" (IESS). Cuenca. 2007 marzo 2012

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: The present descriptive study has as objective to determine the survival and complications presented among the patients that received a renal transplant and have been controlled in the “José Carrasco Arteaga” Hospital (IESS) in the city of Cuenca, between the years 2007 and 2012. METHODS: The recollection of the information of the patients was realized by reviewing the medical records and analyzing them using a database made in SPSS v. 15.0. An analysis of the cause of chronic renal failure, complications, rejection and loss of graft function related with the characteristics of the recipient and proceeding of the graft was made. For the study of the general characteristics of the patients we used the descriptive statistic method, and for the survival study we used Kaplan Meier survival curves. RESULTS: 83 patients receptors of kidney graft were studied, the etiology is specified in 42.2% of them. Hypertension and diabetes were the 13.3% and 10.8%, respectively. Grafts proceeding from cadaveric donor were 59%, and from live donor 41%. 71.1% of patients did not present any complications related with the surgery. Six months after transplant, 59.6% of patients did not present rejection, 31% presented at least one rejection, and 12% presented two or more rejections. Loss of graft reached 19.3% of patients. 9.6% of patients died, and among these, 75% died in the first month, 12.5% in the second month, and one six years later. CONCLUSIONS: The causes of chronic renal disease are not well established in the majority of cases. There is important number of patients that received a kidney graft from a living donor. Survival does not seem to be affected by variables such as sex, proceeding of graft, age, and dialysis time. Main complications are related with the surgical act.