Características clínicas del acné y su relación con el índice de masa corporal en estudiantes de 15 a 18 años del colegio Antonio Ávila Maldonado. Cuenca, 2019

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Acne is a skin disease with high frequency in adolescents, producing a great impact on those who suffer from it. It presents multiple risk factors, among which the dietary factor stands out.

OVERALL OBJECTIVE: determine the clinical characteristics of acne, and its relationship with the body mass index in students from 15 to 18 years of age at the “Antonio Ávila Maldonado” school, 2019.

METHODS: prospective analytical descriptive research. A random sample of 237 students from the “Antonio Ávila Maldonado” School was obtained. Observation and data collection are applied, using the SPSS Statistics version 24.0.0 later for tabulation and statistical analysis. The results are presented in frequency and percentage tables, contingency tables and Chi Square analysis among the variables, with a 95% confidence index.

RESULTS: 186 students out of the total of the exposed sample present acne, of which 50.5% corresponds to the inflammatory type. It was also determined that the variables proposed, such as age, gender, residence and BMI, do not have a significant relationship with the appearance of acne. The male gender has a prevalence of 46.2% of moderate acne, while the female gender has a prevalence of 61.2% of mild acne. Out of the 9 patients with obesity, an 88.9% prevalence of acne with a p-value of 0.439 giving a non-significant result between these two variables.

CONCLUSIONS: it is determined that the majority of adolescents who are obese present acne, without showing significance among these variables due to the limited number of obese patients within the investigated sample.