Caracterización del neumotórax y hemotórax traumático y utilidad de radiografía en su diagnóstico Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga, año 2016 - 2018

Abstract

Background: Lesions of the pleural space are usually the result of traumatic events and the failure to identify these lesions results in an increase in morbidity and mortality of the traumatized patient. Early diagnosis and proper surgical management would improve the prognosis of patients with chest trauma. General objective: to determine the Characteristics of Pneumothorax and Traumatic Hemothorax and the Usefulness of Radiography in its Diagnosis, at the José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital in 2016 - 2018. Methodology: a retrospective, descriptive, cross-sectional study was carried out in the period 2016 - 2018, with 100 patients aged 18 years and over, with diagnosis of pneumothorax and hemothorax in the surgery department of the José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital, Cuenca. A data form was used to collect information from the Medical Records, the data was processed in contingency tables, with SPSS version 22.0. Results: Predominant were male and 40 years of age or older. Hemothorax predominated (51%), followed by pneumothorax (30%) and hemopneumothorax (19%), mainly closed type. As to the vesicular respiration the diminished predominated. The values of blood pressure and heart rate were in the status of normality generally. The Hypoxemia and dyspnea had tall values, most of all in the cases of hemopneumothorax. The most used treatment was the chest tube, For the diagnosis, were used mainly the combination of the X-ray result and CT scan. Conclusions: Hemothorax was the most common traumatic pathology (51%). Diagnosis with X-rays alone is not effective, the use of CT scans is needed