Bacterias causantes de sepsis neonatal y su perfil de susceptibilidad en el Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso, 2015 - 2018

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: Neonatal sepsis is responsible for a high percentage of the worldwide mortality rate. It’s defined as an abnormal immune response that is used to fight off a systematic invasion of microorganisms such as fungus, bacteria, and viruses that are in the bloodstream during the first 28 days of life. The symptomatology is nonspecific and the risk factors are maternal – neonatal. GENERAL OBJECTIVE: To determine the bacteria that causes neonatal sepsis and their susceptibility profile in the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital, 2015 - 2018. METHODOLOGY: A descriptive-retrospective study was done with universal and a sample of 1.200 infants were performed. Blood culture results and associated factors such as sex, gestational age and days of hospitalization were collected. The data was analyzed and tabulated in the SPSS version 22 and Microsoft Excel 2016 programs. RESULTS: Of 122 diagnoses of neonatal sepsis, 27,1% presented positive blood culture. The most affected population were women with 54,5%, preterm infants in 66,7% and the hospital stay was ≥8 days at 100%. The main causative agents were: Staphylococcus epidermidis 42,5% and Staphylococcus hominis 12,2%, both producers of betalactamases and resistant methicillin. The most pathogenic bacterium was Klebsiella pneumoniae 3,3%, producer of extended spectrum betalactamases and carbapenemases. CONCLUSION: Neonatal sepsis mainly affected women and preterm infants. The bacteria most affected were Staphylococcus spp. negative coagulase and were found resistance markers: BLEE, BLACT, MRS, MLSb and carbapenemases production.