Potencial de autoabastecimiento energético a través de cubiertas con captación solar activa en edificios multifamiliares de mediana altura. Caso de estudio: edificio Pinar de Lago I

Abstract

The purpose of the research was to develop an active solar collection roof in a medium-rise multi-family building, analyzing technologies for different levels of architectural integration, with the capacity for self-sufficiency and reduction of CO2 emissions. Under this premise, the Pinar del Lago, a representative multifamily building, was taken as a case study. For this, bibliography was reviewed and information was collected on site, to establish theoretical parameters that allowed us to analyze scenarios according to the current and maximum occupancy level of the building due to the possible self-supply capacity. The information was collected from consumption readings from meters with quarter hour resolution, electricity consumption forms and PLG demand record from surveys. The study applied several computer tools such as ArchiCad, Ecotec and SAM, for the execution of irradiation and electrical performance simulations. The feasibility of incorporating photovoltaic technologies was evident, monocrystalline silica panels, plates without metal contacts between cells and photovoltaic tiles. With an area of 338.4m2 of monocrystalline silica panels, an annual production of 66,585.31kWh is expected, providing 101.2% to 26.4% of the current demand in the first case and the maximum expected, which includes a total occupation of habitants, electric cars, demands that are currently covered by fuels that were converted to electrical technology; reducing up to 49.3t of CO2 emissions per year. Finally, the architectural impact and amortization period of the different technologies were studied, in order to establish the best option according to economic, integration and efficiency criteria.