Detección de alteraciones hematológicas en perros diagnosticados con Ehrlichia canis, Babesia canis y Anaplasma phagocytophilum en etapa subclínica

Abstract

Ticks are responsible of the transmission of many hemoparasites, by either unique way or coinfection. The objective of this research was to evaluate the effects of the infection or coinfection by Ehrlichia canis (E. canis), Babesia canis (B. canis), and Anaplasma phagocytophilum (A. phagocytophilum) in the hematological values during the subclinical phase in dogs of the urban area of Zaruma and Piñas. For this research 384 dogs from the urban area were used, 192 from Zaruma and 192 from Piñas; considering the following inclusion criteria: no clinical symptoms, normal general physical examination and presence or absence of hematological parasites in blood smears. Dogs were classified in 8 subgroups: Group 1, positive to E. canis; Group 2, positive to B. canis, Group 3, positive to A. phagocytophilum, Group 4, positive to E. canis and B. canis, Group 5, positive to E. canis and A. phagocytophilum, Group 6, positive to B. canis and A. phagocytophilum Group 7, positive to E. canis, B. canis and A. phagocytophilum and Group 8 or control, totally healthy animals. The samples were taken by puncture of the auricle for detection of hemoparasites by smears In situ and subsequent Giemsa stain and cephalic venipuncture for the hemogram. The results allowed us to determine the prevalence of hemoparasites in this area of the country, finding an incidence of 20.6% of Ehrlichia, being more recurrent in dogs, followed by Babesia 5.2%, Anaplasma 2.9% and in coinfection 5, 5% of the association Ehrlichia - Babesia, 0.8% Ehrlichia - Anaplasma , 0.5% Anaplasma – Babesia and 0% Ehrlichia – Babesia - Anaplasma, in terms of hematological values no significant alterations associated with hemoparasitic infection were found, concluding that the presence of these infectious agents falls on a very low proportion of erythrocyte or leukocyte values in dogs in the subclinical phase.