Resistencia bacteriana en pacientes hospitalizados con infecciones de vías urinarias del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso. Enero – diciembre, 2018

Abstract

Background: 50% of antimicrobials (ATM) are used inappropriately for what researchers, scientific societies and health authorities have placed on epidemiological alert for the current antibiotic inefficiency and the daily struggle towards the manufacture of new antibiotics that allow facing new forms of resistance. In Ecuador, epidemiological surveillance of bacterial resistance is measured by the NIPHR (National Institute for Public Health Research), which allows to generate alerts against epidemiological outbreaks (1)(2). General objective: To determine bacterial resistance in hospitalized patients with urinary tract infection of the Vicente Corral Moscoso hospital, during the period January to December 2018. Methodology: A retrospective and descriptive observational study was performed; the universe was constituted by 261 reports of positive urine cultures, of which 154 were sensitive and 107 presented some type of resistance. For the analysis and tabulation of results were used the 2010 Excel program and the statistical program IBM SPSS V25 test version, the analysis was descriptive statistics. Results: In 2018 there was a 41.0% prevalence of urinary tract infections with bacterial resistance. The mainly isolated bacteria were: E. Coli 48.6% producing ESBL, K. Pneumoniae 20.6% producing carbapenemases and E. cloacae 12.1% producing AmpC-type betalactamases, with women being sex with mostly affected and finally the areas with the highest number of cases were: clinic, pediatrics, surgery and neonatology. Conclusions: E. coli, K. pneumonia and E. cloacae were the main uropathogens with resistance of 2018, including BLEE, carbapenemases and beta-lactamase of AmpC type.