Prevalencia y factores asociados a las complicaciones transquirúrgicas e inmediatas de la colecistectomía laparoscópica. Hospital Homero Castanier Crespo, 2014-2018

Abstract

Background: laparoscopic cholecystectomy is considered as the Gold standar for the treatment of the diseases of the gallbladder. Objective: to determine the prevalence and factors associated with the immediate and trans-surgical complications of laparoscopic cholecystectomy, Hospital Homero Castanier Crespo, from 2014 to 2018. Materials and methods: an analytical, cross-sectional study was conducted with the medical records of 216 patients who underwent laparoscopic cholecystectomy at the Homero Castanier Crespo Hospital, from 2014 to 2018. The information was obtained from medical records. SPSS version 15 and descriptive statistics were used. To assess the relationship between the presence of complications with associated factors, Odds ratio (OR) and Chi square were used with a 95% confidence level. It was considered statistically significant for p values <0.05. Results: 216 patients were studied and a prevalence of 15.30% of complications was obtained. 5.10% presented complications during surgery and 10.20% suffered immediate post-surgical complications, there is a predominance of vascular complications. The average age was 38.6 years, with a predominance of females with 69.70%. A statistically significant relationship was found between urban residence (p value = 0.005), overweight (p value = 0.001), Diabetes Mellitus (p value = 0.049) and the duration of surgery> 2 hours (p value = 0.013) with the presence of complications. The duration of surgery> 2 hours was identified as a risk factor (OR: 3.12, CI: 95% = 1.22-7.99). Conclusion: laparoscopic cholecystectomy is a surgical procedure that has a low prevalence of immediate and trans-surgical complications. The duration of surgery> 2 hours is considered a risk factor