Factores extrínsecos e intrínsecos relacionados con la presencia de la neumonía nosocomial en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos del Hospital Vicente Corral Moscoso durante el año 2017

Abstract

Nosocomial pneumonia is one of the main intrahospital infections which is developed in Ecuador mainly in the intensive care units, this infection is directly related to the association of own and external factors of patients, these directly influence the complications, sequelae and survival within of this health institution. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the extrinsic and intrinsic factors that are directly related to the presence of nosocomial pneumonia and the prevalence of pathogenic microorganisms in the Intensive Care Units of adults and pediatrics of the Vicente Corral Moscoso Hospital during 2017. Materials and methods: The study was carried out through an observational - retrospective study where information on the clinical history and microbiological results of patients with nosocomial pneumonia hospitalized in the intensive care units of this health institution was collected. All admissions to the intensive care units were analyzed during 2017, based on the exclusion and inclusion criteria, a sample of 20 adult and 17 pediatric patients was obtained. A descriptive statistical analysis was used, using Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) software. Within the statistical analysis of the collected data, measures of central tendency, percentages and frequency tables were used where the influence of extrinsic and intrinsic factors directly related to the presence of this pathology. Results: The microorganism prevalent in the Intensive Care Units of adults and pediatrics was Staphylococcus aureus resistant to methicillin. In the analyzed period, a prevalence of 35% in adults and 64.7% in pediatrics was found.