Prevalencia disfonía transitoria - permanente y factores asociados en postiroidectomías Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga, Cuenca 2014-2016.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE: to determine the prevalence of transitory-permanent dysphonia and its relationship with associated factors in posthyroidectomy patients that were asisted by the general and oncological surgery service at José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital, Cuenca 2014 - 2016.

METHODS AND MATERIALS: a cross-sectional retrospective analytical study with 813 clinical histories of patients who reached the inclusion criteria. We studied the postoperative dysphonia with respect to sex, histology type, thyroidectomy type, surgical technique, anatomical variant, cervical irradiation antecedent, previous cervical surgery, recurrent laryngeal nerve injury antecedent and surgical reintervention. A database was developed and variables were analyzed through the association statistic Chi2 and OR to determine the existence of risk with its statistical significance (p< 0.05).

RESULTS: the prevalence of general post-thyroidectomy dysphonia was 4.9% (n=40), of which 82,5% (n=33) was transient and 17,5% (n=7) permanent; as risk factors to produce dysphonia: cervical irradiation history OR= 5.62 (95% CI: 1.5020.99), cervical surgical history OR= 9.89 (95% CI: 3.26-30.03), total thyroidectomy and lymph node dissection OR= 6.66 (95% CI: 2.58-17.19), and reoperation OR 15.39 (95% CI: 7.35-32.26), being this last one the major risk factor and more important for this study population. No statistically significant association was found (p> 0.05) with the rest of the factors studied for this study population.

CONCLUSION: the factors associated with the presence of transient or permanent post-thyroidectomy dysphonia are: cervical irradiation history, cervical surgical history, total thyroidectomy plus lymph node dissection and reoperation.