Prevalencia y factores asociados a la Malnutrición en pacientes con Enfermedad Pulmonar Obstructiva Crónica. Hospital José Carrasco Arteaga. Cuenca, 2017-2018

Abstract

Background: considering that Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease defined as the fixed limitation to air flow is a very important cause of morbidity and mortality, we saw the need to perform a more comprehensive approach to the patient, through this investigation. Objective: to determine the prevalence and factors associated with malnutrition in patients with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease of the José Carrasco Arteaga Hospital in the city of Cuenca. Methodology: observational, analytical, cross-sectional study that included 302 patients who were over 40 years old and who were diagnosed with COPD who attended the outpatient clinic of pulmonology of the HJCA Cuenca, Ecuador. The nutritional evaluation was carried out through the body mass index and for the associated factors it was carried out through previously validated scales. To calculate the sample, the following criteria were applied: prevalence of the less frequent risk factor, polypharmacy 10%. Once the database has been obtained and through the SPSS 20.0 program. An analysis of frequencies and percentages was performed and then the RP was calculated, 95% CI and p value <0.05. Results: the prevalence of malnutrition was 59.6% and the percentage of malnutrition was higher in the degree of severe obstruction with a percentage of 64.7%. A significant association was found between physical activity (p 0.009) and comorbidity (0.012). Conclusions: the prevalence of malnutrition was high and more frequent in the spirometric obstruction group of severe type being physical activity and comorbidities factors associated with significant statistical difference